Who proposed the fluid mosaic model for the plasma membrane?

The fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane was proposed by S.J. Singer and G.L. Nicolson in 1972. This model describes the cell membrane as a dynamic and flexible structure where various proteins float in or on the fluid lipid bilayer, resembling a mosaic. According to this model, the lipids and proteins can move laterally within the layer, which allows for various functions such as cell signaling, transport, and maintaining cell integrity. This concept was a significant advancement in understanding cell membrane architecture and function, emphasizing the importance of fluidity and the asymmetrical distribution of components. The collaborative work of Singer and Nicolson improved upon earlier models, providing a more comprehensive view of membrane structure and encouraging further research in cell biology.