Which rock type is formed by the weathering and compression of other rocks?

Sedimentary rock is formed through the processes of weathering and compression of other rocks. When rocks are subjected to weathering, they break down into smaller particles or sediments. Over time, these sediments accumulate in layers and, through ongoing pressure and compaction, they become lithified, turning into sedimentary rock.

This process can involve various materials, including fragments of igneous, metamorphic, and older sedimentary rocks, as well as organic matter and mineral deposits. The resulting rocks often exhibit distinct layering or stratification, which can provide valuable information about the Earth's history and the environments in which they formed.

In contrast to sedimentary rock, intrusive and extrusive rocks are types of igneous rock formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava, respectively, while metamorphic rock originates from the alteration of pre-existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids, not directly from weathering and compression.