What significant impact can excessive use of groundwater have on agriculture?

Excessive use of groundwater for irrigation can lead to increased soil salinity, which is a significant concern in agricultural practices. When groundwater is over-extracted, it can result in a reduced water table and can concentrate salts in the soil. This occurs because water that evaporates from the soil surface leaves behind dissolved salts. Over time, as irrigation practices continue, these salts accumulate and can reach levels that are toxic to many crops, hindering plant growth and reducing agricultural productivity.

In regions where irrigation is common, the impact of salt accumulation can be pronounced if not managed properly. Increased soil salinity affects the plant's ability to take up water, leading to stress and diminished yields. Therefore, ensuring sustainable groundwater use is essential for maintaining soil health and crop viability in agricultural systems.