What is the primary outcome of convergent evolution?

The primary outcome of convergent evolution is that unrelated organisms evolve similar traits. This phenomenon occurs when different species, often living in similar environments or facing similar selective pressures, develop analogous adaptations that serve similar purposes. For instance, the wings of bats and birds demonstrate convergent evolution; although these animals are not closely related, they have evolved wings to enable flight, showcasing similar structural features that adapt them to comparable environmental challenges.

In essence, convergent evolution illustrates how natural selection can lead unrelated species to develop traits that are functionally similar, even though their evolutionary paths are distinct. This concept highlights the importance of environment and adaptive pressures in shaping the characteristics of species over time.