What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

The primary function of mitochondria is producing energy. Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy carrier in cells. This process occurs through cellular respiration, where mitochondria convert metabolic energy from nutrients into ATP using oxygen, which is essential for various cellular functions, including growth, division, and transportation of molecules. The efficiency of ATP production within mitochondria supports energy-intensive activities in cells, making them vital for nearly all forms of life.