What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

The formula for gravitational potential energy is derived from the principles of work done against gravity. In this context, gravitational potential energy (U) is calculated using the mass (m) of an object, the acceleration due to gravity (g), and the height (h) above a reference point.

The equation U = mgh indicates that gravitational potential energy increases linearly with both mass and height. Specifically, as the mass of an object increases or as it is raised higher in a gravitational field, the potential energy stored in that object also increases. This relationship emphasizes the direct influence of gravitational force and height on the energy an object possesses due to its position.

Other options provided relate to different physical quantities: one is for electric potential energy, another for electrical power, and the last for Ohm's law, none of which address gravitational potential energy, reinforcing that the correct choice is indeed U = mgh.