What is the amount of heat required to melt 1 kg of ice?

To determine the amount of heat required to melt 1 kg of ice, it is essential to understand the concept of latent heat of fusion, which is the amount of heat energy needed to change a substance from solid to liquid at its melting point, without changing its temperature.

For ice, the latent heat of fusion is approximately 80 kcal/kg. This means that to convert 1 kg of ice at 0 degrees Celsius to water at 0 degrees Celsius, 80 kilocalories of heat energy must be absorbed.

This value reflects the energy required to break the hydrogen bonds that hold the ice molecules in a solid state, allowing them to move into the liquid state. The other choices provided do not accurately represent the energy needed for this phase change. Thus, the answer is correctly stated as 80 kcal, as it aligns with the scientific property of ice and its melting process.