What is stated by the Third Law of Thermodynamics?

The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that as a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches a minimum value, typically taken to be zero. This implies that it is physically impossible to reach absolute zero in a finite number of steps, as it would require an infinite amount of resources or time to remove all the thermal energy from a system. Therefore, while systems can get arbitrarily close to absolute zero, they can never truly achieve it within a finite process.

This principle highlights a fundamental limitation in thermodynamic processes, emphasizing that absolute zero is a theoretical boundary that cannot be crossed through practical means. Understanding this concept is crucial in fields such as cryogenics and statistical mechanics, where the behavior of particles at low temperatures is studied.