What characterizes the profundal zone of a freshwater lake?

The profundal zone of a freshwater lake is characterized as the dark deep water where photosynthesis cannot occur. This zone lies below the thermocline, where light penetration is minimal; therefore, the water is significantly deeper compared to the other zones of the lake. As a result, there is insufficient light for photosynthetic aquatic plants to thrive, which leads to a lack of primary production in this region. The absence of light also contributes to the cooler temperatures typically found in the profundal zone. This area may contain decomposers and some organisms that thrive in low-light conditions, but its environmental conditions are not conducive to abundant plant life, as seen in the well-lit zones of the lake.