What characterizes the asthenosphere?

The asthenosphere is characterized as a soft, semi-fluid layer located beneath the lithosphere. This layer is part of the upper mantle and is distinguished by its ability to flow slowly, which allows tectonic plates of the lithosphere to move over it. The softness of the asthenosphere is due to the high temperatures and pressures found at this depth, which cause the rocks to become ductile and more malleable. This flow is crucial for the movement of tectonic plates and plays a significant role in geological processes such as plate tectonics, volcanic activity, and earthquakes. The properties of the asthenosphere are essential for understanding the dynamics of Earth's interior and how they affect the surface.